What Is Earthquake Resistant Design Earth Fault Relay

Earth faults may also develop within pv modules.

Greece and turkey quizlet earthquake now july 5. Normally earth fault relay earth leakage circuit breaker and ground fault circuit interrupter etc. For example a fault to earth in pv cabling systems may arise due to insulation damaged during installation subsequent impact or abrasion damage to the cable sheath or vermin damage. Earth faults may occur for a number of reasons.

Earthquake resistant construction the fabrication of a building or structure that is able to withstand the sudden ground shaking that is characteristic of earthquakes thereby minimizing structural damage and human deaths and injuriessuitable construction methods are required to ensure that proper design objectives for earthquake resistance are met. A ground fault is an inadvertent contact between an energized conductor and ground or equipment frame. Martin cotterell in practical handbook of photovoltaics second edition 2012.

What is a ground fault. An external fault in the star side will result in current flowing in the line current transformer of the affected phase and at the same time a balancing current flows in the neutral current transformer hence the resultant current in the relay is therefore zeroso this ref relay will not be actuated for external earth fault. Earth fault relay efr it is a safety device used in electrical installations with high earth impedance.

Earthquake resistant designs design but it is analysis of forces buildings due to loads acting on it. Its relay scheme operates as follows. The restricted earth fault relay operationimpact of current transfprmer knee voltages the international journal of engineering and science ijes volume 2 issue 12 2013.

The return path of the fault current is through the grounding system and any personnel or equipment that becomes part of. If a building is enough to resist the earthquake then such building is called earthquake resistant structure. Gfp 1 responds after a time delay of 12 cycles to any ground fault that hasnt been cleared by gfp 2 or gfp 3.

Are used to restrict the fault current. The source relay has the longest delay in order to prevent the main relay from tripping first. Restricted earth fault protection of transformer.

Advanced earthquake resistant design.